Philipp Cepl is a patent litigation partner at DLA Piper (Cologne, Germany); Marco de Morpurgo is a life sciences regulatory partner at DLA Piper (Rome, Italy) and global co-chair of the firm’s life sciences sector; Chiara Perotti is a legal trainee at DLA Piper (Milan, Italy). The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not represent the views of the firm or any third party. For correspondence: <mailto:philipp.cepl@dlapiper.com>; <mailto:marco.demorpurgo@dlapiper.com>; <mailto:chiara.perotti@dlapiper.com>.